Metallurgical overhead cranes, as indispensable equipment in industrial production, play a vital role in steel smelting, heavy material handling and other fields. These cranes not only carry huge weight, but also need to maintain stability and safety in the complex and changing working environment. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop and follow a set of strict standards for metallurgical overhead cranes. These standards not only cover the design and manufacture, installation and commissioning of cranes, but also go into the daily safety management, performance evaluation and maintenance and other aspects. Through clear standard guidance, it can be ensured that metallurgical overhead cranes can minimize safety risks and safeguard the safety of personnel and equipment while improving work efficiency.
100 tons QDZ type metallurgical bridge crane project successfully passed the acceptance inspection
Basic Overview of Metallurgical Overhead Cranes
Definition and Usage of Metallurgical Overhead Cranes
Metallurgical overhead travelling crane, as a kind of heavy lifting equipment designed for metallurgical industry, has a strong structure and powerful functions. These cranes are mainly installed in metallurgical plants, spanning over the production line, and through their powerful lifting capacity, they can complete the handling, stacking and lifting of materials such as high-temperature molten metal, steel billets, heavy steel structures and so on. Metallurgical overhead travelling crane plays an irreplaceable role in iron and steel, non-ferrous metal smelting and processing industry, which greatly improves the production efficiency and ensures the smooth production process.
Metallurgical bridge cranes play an extremely critical role in the metallurgical industry. Its design takes full account of the special characteristics of the metallurgical environment and the high intensity of the work demand, with excellent load-bearing capacity and stability, can easily cope with a variety of complex lifting tasks. Whether it is high-temperature molten metal liquid, or large steel billets and heavy steel structures, metallurgical overhead travelling crane can accurately and efficiently complete the lifting, transportation and stacking work, to ensure the smooth progress of the production process. At the same time, metallurgical overhead cranes greatly improve the production efficiency under the premise of ensuring safe production, saving a lot of time and cost for enterprises.
Working Principle of Metallurgical Overhead Crane
The working principle of metallurgical overhead travelling crane is based on the basic principle of lifting machinery, which realizes the lateral and longitudinal movement of the crane in the plant through the motor-driven trolley and trolley running mechanism. This design not only improves the production efficiency, but also ensures the safety and accuracy of the production process. At the same time, the winch mechanism is used to drive the wire rope or chain to realize the lifting and lowering operation of materials. In the metallurgical environment, cranes also need to have special properties such as high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance to adapt to the harsh working environment. In addition, metallurgical overhead cranes are equipped with complex electrical control systems to ensure precise and safe operation. Through these design and technical support, metallurgical overhead travelling crane provides a strong guarantee for the efficient and safe production of metallurgical industry.
The working principle of metallurgical bridge cranes mainly relies on electric drive and mechanical transmission. The electric motor drives the trolley running mechanism through the reducer to move the crane transversely in the plant; similarly, the trolley running mechanism realizes the longitudinal movement, which ensures that the crane can reach the specified position precisely. The winch mechanism is driven by an electric motor to lift and lower the material by means of a wire rope or chain. This design not only improves productivity, but also ensures the safety and accuracy of the production process.
Configuration and requirements of safety devices
Metallurgical overhead cranes, as heavy equipment with high strength, high precision and large load carrying capacity, their safety and reliability are the basis for ensuring smooth production operations. In order to achieve this goal, these cranes are equipped with a series of advanced and comprehensive safety protection devices, which are designed and configured in strict compliance with relevant international safety standards such as ISO, IEC and specific regulatory requirements of various countries and regions.
The lifting capacity limiter is one of the most important components, which can monitor the actual lifting capacity of the crane in real time and automatically issue warning signals or take braking measures when the preset rated weight is reached or exceeded, so as to effectively prevent mechanical failure and safety accidents caused by overloading.
Moment limiter is set up to prevent the crane from destabilizing or tipping over due to excessive moment during lifting, it can dynamically calculate and monitor the moment value of the crane according to the actual situation of the lifting operation to ensure that the operation process is always in a safe range.
The travel limiter is a device to limit the movement range of the crane and its components, including but not limited to the ascending and descending position restriction of the hook, the end point control of the trolley's running track, and the limit position setting of the trolley along the track, etc., to ensure that the equipment does not run out of bounds, and to avoid damages caused by the collision or causing safety accidents.
Anti-collision device is designed for the anti-conflict design of the crane in different working conditions, including but not limited to the anti-collision between the hooks, the anti-collision design between the hooks and other parts of the equipment and the surrounding environment (e.g., buildings, other machinery and equipment, etc.), and it adopts a variety of technological means such as infrared detection, laser scanning, ultrasonic detection and other means to realize it, so as to ensure that in the lifting operation to avoid the damage of the equipment caused by the collision or the safety accidents.
Emergency braking device is the last safety line of defense set up to cope with the unexpected situation, once the abnormal situation occurs, the emergency braking device should be able to start immediately and make the crane stop quickly, so as to prevent the accident from expanding.
In addition, metallurgical overhead cranes are also equipped with various warning signs and signaling devices, such as warning lights, sound and light alarms, etc., to remind the operator and the surrounding personnel to pay attention to safety, to ensure the smooth progress of lifting operations.
The existence of these safety devices greatly improves the safety performance and service life of the metallurgical overhead travelling crane, and also puts forward higher requirements for its operators, that is, they must carry out daily maintenance and regular inspection in strict accordance with the operation manual, to ensure that all the safety devices are in good working condition, so as to maximize the guarantee of the safety and efficiency of the production operation.
Safe Operation Regulations and Precautions
The operation of metallurgical overhead cranes is a highly specialized work, which requires the operators to undergo strict training and examination, and fully understand and master the performance characteristics, operating procedures and emergency handling measures of metallurgical overhead cranes. Operators not only need to have solid professional knowledge and rich practical experience, in the operation process must also strictly abide by the following basic norms and precautions:
The operator must strictly abide by the regulations and requirements in the instruction manual and operation manual of the equipment, and must not operate in violation of the law or exceed the designed load range of the equipment.
Before starting the operation, the operator should fully check whether all parts of the equipment (including but not limited to structural components, electrical control system, hydraulic system, lubrication system, protective facilities, etc.) are intact and in normal condition, and confirm that the equipment is free from potential safety hazards before operation.
During the operation, we should always pay attention to the changes of the surrounding environment, including but not limited to observing the dynamics of the site personnel, the situation of material stacking, weather conditions and other factors, and adjust the operation strategy in a timely manner, so as to ensure that the operation is carried out in a safe and orderly manner.
For the response and handling of abnormal situations, such as the discovery of equipment abnormalities (such as increased noise, vibration, high temperature, hydraulic system abnormalities, etc.), the risk of falling materials or other potential safety hazards, you should immediately stop the operation and take the necessary contingency measures, timely troubleshooting or report to the relevant departments to deal with.
Operators should regularly cooperate with maintenance personnel to carry out inspection and maintenance of equipment, including calibration of safety devices, replacement of worn parts, regular refueling and replacement of lubrication system, etc., to ensure that the equipment is always in the best working condition. Meanwhile, inspection records should be true and complete, reflecting the historical maintenance situation and performance change trend of the equipment.
Rated lifting capacity and working level
The rated lifting capacity of a metallurgical overhead crane is an important indicator of its lifting capacity, which refers to the maximum weight that the crane can lift safely and effectively under normal working conditions. This parameter is affected by many factors, including crane design, manufacturing, use of the environment and the frequency of work. The working level is an important index reflecting the working condition of the metallurgical overhead crane, which is usually divided into different levels, such as A1, A2, A3 and so on. Each working level corresponds to different use environment and task requirements, so choosing the right working level is crucial to ensure the normal operation and safety of metallurgical overhead cranes.
In practical application, the rated lifting capacity and working class of metallurgical overhead travelling crane will be different according to the different production requirements and working environment. For example, for heavy-duty operation of the factory, the rated lifting capacity of the crane may need to reach dozens of tons or even hundreds of tons; while for light-duty operations, you can choose a smaller rated weight of the crane. Similarly, for the working environment is more severe occasions, such as high temperature, high humidity, dusty environment, you need to choose a higher working level of the crane to ensure its normal operation. Therefore, in the selection of metallurgical overhead cranes, you need to take into full account the production requirements and working environment and other factors, to carry out comprehensive consideration, to ensure that the performance and safety of the crane can meet the requirements.
Working speed and efficiency
The working speed of the metallurgical overhead crane is one of the important parameters to measure its efficiency. It includes hoisting speed, running speed, etc. These speed parameters directly affect the working efficiency of the crane. In order to improve productivity, metallurgical overhead cranes usually have high lifting speed and running speed. At the same time, the crane also needs to have stable running performance and good maneuverability to ensure the accuracy and safety of operation. In addition, metallurgical overhead cranes also have high efficiency. Work efficiency refers to the amount of work completed by the crane in a unit of time, which is affected by many factors, including work speed, load size, running track and so on. In order to improve the working efficiency, in addition to increasing the working speed, it can also be achieved by optimizing the load size, reducing the running track and other measures.
Other performance parameters and requirements
In addition to the rated lifting capacity, working level and working speed, metallurgical overhead cranes also need to meet the requirements of other performance parameters. Such as the crane's working range, lifting height, track span, etc. These parameters need to be designed and adjusted according to the actual needs. For example, in the case of high workshop height or complex production process, you need to choose a higher lifting height of the metallurgical overhead travelling crane; while in the workshop space is limited or the production process is relatively simple occasions, you can choose a lower lifting height of the crane to save space and cost. In addition, the parameter of track span should also be considered, which refers to the distance between the running tracks of the metallurgical overhead cranes. The selection of this parameter needs to be determined according to the actual size of the workshop and the needs of the production process. If the workshop space is large or the production process requires a large operating range, you can choose a larger track span; on the contrary, if the space is limited or the production process does not require a high operating range, you can choose a smaller track span to save space and cost. In addition, metallurgical bridge cranes also need to have good wind resistance, seismic performance to adapt to the harsh natural environment. The selection of these performance parameters need to take into account the production requirements, the working environment and equipment costs and other factors to ensure the normal operation and production efficiency of the metallurgical overhead travelling crane.
Metallurgical Overhead Crane Standards